Prey has evolved multiple strategies to avoid predation by fish or invertebrates in fishless habitats (typically largepredatory dragonflies). Here we report the results of our five studies focused on ability of Odonata to avoidpredation, especially in the context of fish farming. Three field studies dealt with the ability of zygopteran andanisopteran adults and larvae to avoid habitats with fish top predators (i.e., behavioral defenses) and thesubsequent larval survival, while two rearing experiments focused on larval regeneration and phenotypic plasticity(morphological defenses). Our field studies showed that ponds with adult fish stock negatively affected survival ofodonate larvae, while the ability of adults to avoid them during oviposition was limited in generalists as well as inspecialists. Moreover, larval ability to select microhabitats with limited fish predation was low. Intensive fish ponds,ubiquitous in the Central European landscape, thus act as ecological traps for most odonate species. Laboratoryrearing experiment showed that larval Anax imperator Leach and Leucorrhinia dubia (Vander Linden) could losesome of their body structures, while the potential of their regeneration was affected mainly by the larval size anddevelopmental stage. The other experiment provided evidence of morphological plasticity in a long-spinedspecialist dragonfly Sympetrum depressiusculum (Selys) under exposure to fish, invertebrate, and both predatorscombined. Our results indicate that despite the certain abilities of odonates to deal with predation, intensive fishfarming may be destructive for larvae of most species. The research was funded by the Grant Agency of theCzech Republic (18-24425S).