Delirium; Diagnostic tests; Intensive care units; Precipitating risk factors; Predisposing risk factors; Prevention

Delirium jako projev mozkové dysfunkce je častá komplikace u kriticky nemocných. Kritické onemocnění představuje nezávislý rizikový faktor pro výskyt delirantních stavů. Prevalence deliria se u kriticky nemocných pohybuje mezi 11 a 87 %. Delirium je poddia gnostikováno, ačkoli významně zhoršuje prognózu. Cílem naší práce je podpořit zavedení skríningového testu deliria CAM-ICU (The Confusion As ses sment Method for the Intensive Care Unit) do běžné praxe a tím umožnit jeho včasnou dia gnostiku, prevenci a léčbu.

Introduction: Delirium, as a manifestation of acute brain dysfunction, is a frequent complication in critical care patients. Any critical disorder is an independent risk factor for development of delirium. The prevalence of delirium in critically ill patients has been reported between 11 and 87%. Delirium is under-diagnosed even though it significantly worsens patient prognosis.The aim of our study was to support regular use of the Confusion Assessment Method for the Intensive Care Unit (CAM-ICU), in order to facilitate early diagnostics, prevention and treatment of delirium. Method: A prospective study of the incidence of delirium as well as risk factors for its development in patients admitted to six-bed ICU from February to June 2014. All patients were assessed for predisposing and precipitating risk factors using the Czech version of CAM-ICU. Fisher's Exact Test and Wilcoxon Rank-Sum were performed with the significance level of 0.05.