industrialization; modernization; demographic transition; mortality of children; infant mortality; Ostrava; Moravia; 19th century

V ostravské oblasti se v průběhu 19. stol. realizoval jedinečný typ industrializace ve spojení s urbanizací. Vyvinuly se nové průmyslové oblasti založené na těžkém průmyslu. Demografická změna byla rovněž znatelná. Hustota populace ve zkoumaných městech Moravské Ostravě, Vítkovicích, Mariánských Horách a Přívozu výrazně vzrostla díky silné imigraci a vysokému přirozenému přírůstku. Kojenecká úmrtnost se začala zvolna snižovat.

In the region of Ostrava a unique type of industrialization in connection with urbanization was realized during the 19th century. New industrial regions based on heavy industry were emerged. Demographic change was essential, too. Population density of the surveyed cities of Moravian Ostrava, Vítkovice, Mariánské Hory and Přívoz, as well as of further neighbouring highly industrialized villages - so called ?factory villages? - increased greatly due to intense immigration and high natural population increase. Deaths of infants and young children constituted a substantial component in the structure of deaths with respect to the traditional reproduction of the population, but in the 19th and 20th century all components of infant mortality began to decrease.