hepatitis B - vaccine - renal failure - anti-HBs antibodies - HBsAg

Byla sledována účinnost vakcinace proti virové hepatitidě B (VHB) u pacientů s chronickým selháním ledvin ze 4 dialyzačních center v letech 1988-2010. Vakcinace už v 90. letech minulého století významně přispěla k poklesu incidence VHB u pacientů s chronickým selháním ledvin. Přesto i nadále po aplikaci rekombinantní vakcíny nevytvoří ochrannou hladinu anti-HBs přibližně 1/4 pacientů s chronickým selháním ledvin, a proto je vhodné zvažovat nové možnosti vakcinace proti VHB i v naší republice.

The efficacy of vaccination against hepatitis B was evaluated in patients with chronic renal failure from 4 dialysis units in 1988-2010. Anti-HBs antibodies after the third vaccine were investigated in 786 patients. Protective anti-HBs levels (? 10 IU/l) were proved in 49%, 65% and 74% patients after the third, fourth and fifth vaccine. The waning of protective anti-HBs antibodies was detected in 47% and 68% of patients during 3 and 5 years after vaccination. The new infections with HBsAg positive status were proved in 28 patients, in 27 of them in period 1988-1994. Anti-HBc seroconversion was observed in 10 patients. Conclusion: Vaccination considerably reduced hepatitis B incidence in the patients with chronic renal failure during nineties. However still approximately one quarter of patients did not produce protective anti-HBs level after immunization with recombinant vaccine and new form of vaccination against hepatitis B may be considered also in the Czech Republic.