Turkism, translation, realia, Russian language, Czech language

V stat'e rassmatrivaetsya vopros o perevode tyurkizmov s russkogo yazyka na cheshskij yazyk. V vvodnoj chasti stat'i zatronut vopros o tyurkizmah s teoreticheskoj tochki zreniya, obsuzhdaetsya ih polozhenie v slovarnom sostave, odnovremenno predstavlena problematika yazykovyh kontaktov. V analiticheskoj chasti stat'i predstavleny dva analiza – semanticheskij i perevodcheskij. Posredstvom semanticheskogo analiza byli opredeleny osnovnye tematicheskie gruppy tyurkizmov, predstavlyayushchie soboj terminy byta, nazvaniya predmetov, nazvaniya flory i fauny, nazvaniya lic i dolzhnostej, nazvaniya odezhdy, terminy edy, nazvaniya cvetov i drugie terminy. Perevodcheskij analiz dayot ob"yasnenie realiyam i bezekvivalentnoj leksike, i, prezhde vsego, demonstriruet glavnejshie osobennosti perevoda tyurkizmov russkogo yazyka na cheshskij yazyk. Stat'ya predstavlyaet soboj issledovanie iz oblasti sopostavitel'noj leksikologii i perevodovedeniya, otkryvaya interesnye aspekty leksicheskogo vzaimodejstviya mezhdu yazykami. V stat'e sdelan akcent na svoeobraznye osobennosti, s kotorymi stalkivaetsya perevodchik v processe perevoda inoyazychnoj leksiki.

The article considers the issue of translating Turkisms from Russian into Czech. The introductory part of the article touches upon the issue of Turkisms from a theoretical point of view, discusses their position in the vocabulary, and at the same time presents the problem of language contacts. The analytical part of the article presents two analyses – semantic and translation. By means of semantic analysis, the main thematic groups of Turkisms were determined, which are terms of everyday life, names of objects, names of flora and fauna, names of persons and positions, names of clothing, terms of food, names of flowers and other terms. Translation analysis provides an explanation of realities and non-equivalent vocabulary, and, above all, demonstrates the main features of translating Turkisms of the Russian language into Czech. The article is a study in the field of comparative lexicology and translation studies, revealing interesting aspects of lexical interaction between languages. The article focuses on the unique features that a translator encounters in the process of translating foreign language vocabulary.