romanticism, literary genres, literary pieces, Kazakh literature

Kazachskaja literatura prošla dolgij put’, preterpevaja boleje čem vekovyje transformacii. Territorija, na kotoroj sozdany proizvedenija, vychodit daleko za predely sovremennoj territorii Kazachstana, vključaja èpochu Kazachskoj SSR, vremena Rossijskoj imperii, Kazachskogo chanstva. V svjazi s ètim možno skazat’, čto kazachskaja literatura vobrala v sebja čerty mnogich kul’tur i tradicij. V 15-18 vv. romantizm kazachskoj literatury osnovyvalsja na situacionno-bytovych modeljach, vsledstvije čego priobrel čerty realizma; približenije jego charakteristik k zapadnym obrazcam načalos’ sravnitel’no nedavno. V načale formirovanija literatury tvorcy sosredotočilis’ na bylinach, no kogda, perenjav čerty zapadnoj i russkoj kul’tury, oni stali osvaivat’ novyje formy, stalo očevidno, čto kazachskaja kul’tura očen’ podveržena dal’nejšim preobrazovanijam i ètapam, a neobyčnyj «stepnoj» romantizm legko nachodit vyraženije v drugich žanrach literatury.

Kazakh literature has come a long way, undergoing transformations lasting more than a century. The territory on which the works were created goes far beyond the boundaries of the modern territory of Kazakhstan, including the era of the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic, the times of the Russian Empire, and the Kazakh Khanate. In this regard, we can say that Kazakh literature has absorbed the features of many cultures and traditions. In the 15th - 18th centuries, the romanticism of Kazakh literature was based on situational and everyday models, as a result of which it acquired the features of realism; the approximation of its characteristics to Western models began relatively recently. At the beginning of the formation of literature, the creators concentrated on epics, but when, having adopted the features of Western and Russian culture, they began to master new forms, it became obvious that Kazakh culture is very susceptible to further transformations and stages, and unusual "steppe" romanticism can be easily expressed in other genres of literature.