cultural differences; successful development; macrosocial changes

Successful development is, in addition to the individual micro-level, rooted also in the broader sociocultural context. This includes the requirements of a particular society that will also influence individual development. A unique opportunity for research on macrosocial effects on individual successful development is provided by societies in political, economic or cultural transition. The results of longitudinal research in societies in transition suggest that we should study successful development only in the context of a particular culture, society and historical period. Successful development is also partly determined by the features of the society in which the individual’s life is set. Social setting is primarily represented by social institutions (for example, political or educational) and a broader sociocultural context. These are the macrosocial factors of development. They provide a more general view of human development across the lifespan, since any social change – to a greater or lesser degree – is reflected at the individual level as well.