The role of a myth in Andrey Bely´s novel Peterburg; M. Eliade; C. G. Jung.

Accordin to M. Eliade the myth is defined as a certain way of existence in this world, as a phenomenon expressing the absolute truth, as a sacred tale, superhuman apparition which came at the dawn of a great time (in illo tempore). According to C. G. Jung the modern society loses the myth on the level of civilization. The present human being cannot experience the symbols and myths which causes whole range of trudging crises of the modern world. The human being looking for his/her soul experiences a certain return to the myth as to the spiritual source bringing back the creative powers. Belys´s Petererburg is described as a shapeless and non-apparent space submerged in the deepest sleep, it recalls the image of the mythical chaos before the creation. The human beings living in such a space vainly look for a stable point. The main characters of the novel realize the tragic fall of the human soul. They can see that their suffering in the present existence is actually the fatal result of their crimes commited in the previous existence. The leimotif of the novel is the instant percept of the ontological unreality of this world and also every human experience, understanding that nor this world neither the experience have its share in the absolute existence.